![]() ![]() There was no significant difference between the session for both methods.īinocular and monocular manual and automatic measurements were significantly different statistically, but not clinically. automatic measurements were significantly different for all conditions (md: <1 mm for all) except for distance left eye male PD. Males and females significantly differed in age (<2 year mean difference (md)) and IPD (monocular md: < 1 mm, binocular md: < 2 mm). ![]() The agreement study included 199 participants (mean age: 24.1 ± 5.0 range: 19−53, 58 male, 141 female) and the repeatability sub- study included 30 (mean age: 27.9 ± 4.5, range: 23–39, 6 male, 24 female). Thirty additional participants were tested within 1–2 weeks to determine the inter-session repeatability. Agreement was assessed using Spearman correlation and Bland-Altman (B&A) plots. Gender effects were assessed using Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests, respectively. Monocular distance from the bridge of the nose and binocular distance and near binocular IPD were randomly measured, using a millimeter ruler and the Essilor Pupillon pupillometer. ![]() Therefore, there is importance in the agreement and inter-session repeatability of manual and automatic IPD measurements. IPD frequently is measured on different days, and by either automatic pupillometers (physiological measurement) or manual ruler (anatomical measurement). Interpupillary distance (IPD) is important in developmental anatomy, genetics, design of optical instrumentation, ocular diagnostics, and optical prescribing. ![]()
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